This title borrows a phrase from Ruth Puttick, Principal Research Fellow at UCL Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose (IIPP), during the panel “Building Dynamic Capabilities: How Do Cities Adapt to Tackle Grand Challenges?” The session was chaired by Dan Hill, Director of Melbourne School of Design, and featured Mariana Mazzucato, Founding Director of UCL IIPP, James Anderson, Head of Government Innovation Programs at Bloomberg Philanthropies, Ruth Puttick, Senior Research Fellow at UCL IIPP, and Bridgette Morris, Innovation and Customer Insights Manager for the City of Cape Town. Held as part of the 2025 IIPP Forum, the panel explored why promising ideas often stall inside city governments and what it really takes to make progress last. This blog follows up on that conversation.








