Food insecurity in Canada represents a pervasive systemic issue that has a devastating population impact, while those most affected by the failings of the food system have little say in its governance. By enabling food democracy through democratic participation, Canadians and citizens everywhere can reclaim control of the food system and enable its transformation. Citizen participation is a critical factor for the development of just and effective policies, and for the health of a democracy. However, public participation in Canada is in crisis as those most affected by the issues are either excluded from public processes or experience significant barriers to participation. While the minimalist model of democratic governance equates democracy with casting votes during an election, other models see active citizen participation in civil society and public discourses as necessary for democratic stability. 1









